Campi Flegrei DOC covers the volcanic wine landscape west of Naples, shaped by craters, tuff hills, lakes, coastal terraces and the island of Procida. Its soils are young and remarkably varied over short distances: loose volcanic ash, lapilli, pumice, sand and yellow tuff occur in different combinations. They are generally lean and well drained, while deeper layers can retain moisture. A mild maritime climate, persistent breezes and abundant sunlight encourage gradual aromatic ripening and help grapes retain natural freshness.
Falanghina is the denomination’s defining white grape and is often grown on its own roots in this area. Sandy volcanic ground historically hindered the spread of phylloxera, preserving many old ungrafted vines. Here Falanghina can give wines marked by citrus, wild herbs, flowers and, at times, smoky mineral nuances, supported by lively acidity and a distinct saline impression. Other traditional local white grapes, including Biancolella and Coda di Volpe, may contribute to the character of white blends.
Piedirosso, known locally as Per’ e Palummo, is the principal red variety. Its local name refers to the reddish colour of its stalks. On warm volcanic slopes it produces fragrant, medium-bodied reds with red-fruit, violet and spice notes, alongside a recognisable earthy mineral character. Depending on the style, Aglianico and other authorised local red grapes may also be included.
Viticulture is defined by small, fragmented sites and a range of training systems, from traditional pergolas to more contemporary trellising. Harvesting is selective, allowing growers to express the differences between hillside, crater and coastal plots. White wines are generally fermented at controlled temperatures in stainless steel and matured on fine lees; some producers favour extended lees contact or discreet oak ageing. For reds, carefully calibrated skin contact balances perfume and fruit with structure. Viticulture in the area reaches back to Greek and Roman antiquity, while the name Campi Flegrei recalls the volcanic landscape once understood as burning fields.
