Pugnitello is an ancient Tuscan red grape variety, whose history is partly shrouded in mystery: its precise origin is not documented, but a vine of this variety was identified in 1981 at Poggi del Sasso, near Cinigiano, in the province of Grosseto. Revived and studied as part of projects to conserve Tuscany’s viticultural heritage launched in the 1980s, it was entered in the National Register of Vine Varieties in 2002. The name refers to the distinctive shape of the bunch, which is small, short, pyramidal and moderately compact, resembling a clenched fist. The leaf is medium-sized, pentagonal and five-lobed; the berry, round and uniform, has a thick, leathery, blue-black skin that is heavily pruinose. It is mainly cultivated in southern Tuscany, with vineyards in the Grosseto Maremma and the Sienese hills, including the Chianti area. The wine displays a very intense ruby colour, enlivened by violet hues, and a broad aromatic profile characterised by ripe cherry, plum, dark berries, herbaceous, spicy and, at times, medicinal notes. On the palate, it is full-bodied and structured, supported by good acidity and fine tannins, which are abundant and become progressively softer with ageing. The finest examples demonstrate significant ageing potential and a long-lasting finish. Interestingly, DNA analysis has confirmed that it is distinct from the Sicilian Pignatello, whilst certain morphological similarities link it to Montepulciano.