Rossese is a black grape variety with deep roots in western Liguria, particularly in the province of Imperia and the hills of Dolceacqua. Its presence has been historically documented since the Middle Ages: the red wine ‘Vermiglio’, mentioned in 13th-century commercial records, is considered a possible precursor to the present-day Rossese. Its origin is believed to be indigenous, although some interpretations suggest ancient French influences. From an ampelographic point of view, it produces a medium-sized bunch, generally pyramidal and winged, ranging from moderately compact to compact; the berries are round, with a dark reddish-purple skin and a distinct bloom, whilst the flesh is soft and sweet. The leaf is medium-sized, kidney-shaped, often entire, with a wavy margin and prominent veins. Its cultivation finds its most characteristic expression on the terraced slopes of western Liguria, which are well-exposed and well-ventilated, particularly in the Nervia and Roja valleys and in the areas between Dolceacqua, Ventimiglia and the neighbouring municipalities. The wine has a ruby-red colour, tending towards garnet as it matures, with delicate yet intense aromas of red fruits, flowers, Mediterranean herbs and spices. On the palate, it is smooth, warm, savoury and harmonious, with fine tannins and an elegant structure. The more ambitious versions develop greater complexity and a pleasant longevity with ageing.
